Internal-combustion engine



March 29, 1927.

w. P. WlENs INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Nov` 5. 1924 2SheebS--Slfleei'I l r iran/55,51

l W. P. WIENS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE March 29 1927. 1,622,300

Filed Nov. 3. 1924 2 Sheets-SheeI 2 259 'IIIIIIHHH *www Nil-.Wwf

l I 3mm/nto@ l WE Wiens.

Patented Mar. 29, 1927.

WALTER P. VIENS, OF PEORIA, ILLINOIS.

INTERNAL-CG1VIBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed November This invention relates to internal combustionengines. An object of the invention is the provision of an engine ofthis type wherein due tothe construction employed 5 all noises incidentto its operation will be reduced to the lowest possible point.

Another object is to produce an engine of the internal combustion typeha ving a cylinder of a tapered form adapted to rotate within a.correspondingly formed seat in the engine-block and provided with portsto be brought into register with inlet and exhaust ports in said block.t

Still another object is the provision of means by which the rotating`cylinder may be kept lubricated in a very eliicient manner.

Other advantages will be brought out in the following specificationaided by the accompanying drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of an engine involving my invention, partsof which are shown in section.

Figure 2 is a Vertical transverse section of part of the engine showinga cylinder rotating gearing.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section of a rotating cylinder and part of theengine block showing intake and exhaust ports.

Figure el is an elevation of part of a cylinder and worm gearing fordriving it.

Figure 5 is an elevation of part of one of the cylinders of myinvention.

Figure 6 is a transverse section of the same. n

Figure 7 is a plan of a packing ring.

Figure 8 is a side elevation of part of a cylinder and a verticalsection of part of the cylinder block, and

Figure 9 is a vertical section of a part of a cylinder and an attachedring employed in rotating it.

It is my purpose to make use of a tapered cylinder rotatable in atapered seat in the engine block arranged in such manner that, whilefree to rotate, gas leaks will be prevented and perfect lubricationmaintained. Further, my purpose is to impart rotation to the cylindervthrough a timing gear system of worm and worm wheels operated from thecrank shaft. The structures described are used with the whole purpose offurnishing an engine totally devoid of noises incident to engineoperation besides producing an engine vastly more etiicient.

In the drawings, l ldesignates the engine 3, 1924. Serial No. 747,448.

block and 2 the cylinder head. The block is provided with a seiies oftapering bores 23 corresponding to the number of cylinders to beemployed and these are water jacketed in the customary manner as shown.The bores are smallest at the lower or crank case side of the block andeach receives into it a cylinder l correspondingly tapered and which isprovided centrally with a cylindrical bore 5 extending entirely throughit. rlhe upper surface of the cylinder is preferably flush with thesurface of the block 1 and may have a working tit against the under sideof the head 2. Preferably the latter has a depending cylindricalextension 6 adapted to lit into the bore 5 and has a packing ring 7seated in its periphery to lie against the wall of said bore 5.

A portion of the upper end of the cylinder is formed with a head 8through which extends an inlet port 9, and an exhaust port 10 whichduring rotation of the cylinder are adapted to separately register inproper timing with passages 1l and 12 respectively of the said block 1,these passages being shown in Figure Seated in a groove at each side ofthe ports is a packing ring 14. rlhe grooves are indicated at 13 inFigure 8 and each varies in width and the rings are made to correspondtherewith.

'lhat is to say, preferably each ring instead of having a uniform widththroughout as ordinarily used is made much wider at one side than at theother as clearly shown in Figure 5 to seat in a groove of like form. ihepurpose of this is that since the cylinder rotates the edges of thering. and of the grooves in being inclined at an angle to the plane ofrotation will travel over a Wide path without lilielikood of scoring thesurface of the block l. Preferably a stud lll" on the inner surface ofeach ring is made to seat in a recess in the bottom of the groove,Figure 8, so that thevring and cylinder will rotate together or as aunit.

The portion of the cylinder below the head 8 is preferably provided witha spirally formed groove l5, Figure 2, and a resultant Gli spiral edge16 is inclined to the plane of the groove 15 is designed to contain alubricant to be supplied thereto by some such means as will be describedpresently.

The lower end of the cylinder depends below the engine block and itsseat and is furnished within the cranlr case with an annular iiange 17which may be attached in any suitable manner after the cylinder has beenplaced in its scat.

The relation ot the flange to the extremity of the cylinder may be asshown in Figure 9 and the upper or 'top surface ot said 'flange isfurnished with a series of teeth 18 in the form of conical pins, forexample, to mesh with a drivingl worm 19 on a timing sha-tt 2Osupport-ed in suitable bearings 21, but one of which is shown, Figure 2,this being a well known expedient. @ne ot the shafts 20 is shown at eachside ot' the cylinder in said Figure 2, there being a paiil ot worms 19for each cylinder ot' the series employed thus providing AFor a mostpositive and even drive ot the cylinders with no tendency to tilt orbind.

The crank shaft is designated at 21 and this carries a worin 22, forexample, with which meshes at opposite sides a worm- Wheel 23 on each ottwo shafts 24 mounted in suitable bearings 25 on a convenient part ofthe engine structure. These shafts diverge and each carries at its upperor opposite end a worm 26 having driving engagement with a worm-wheel 27on one of the shafts 20, as clearly shown in Figures 1 and 2, and 1t isrequired, of course, that the worms and worin-wheels of the system shallbe of such relation that the speed o'l rotation otl the cylinders shallpresent the intake and exhaust ports 9 and 10 to the respect-ivepassages 11 and 12 of the cylinder-block in proper timing with respectto piston travel.

At 28, Figure 1, is designated an oil pump which withdraws oil from thecrank case 29 through a suction pipe 30 and distributes it to the top ofeach cylinder through a system of piping 31. Figures 2, 3 and 8 willmake the matter of lubrication clear. In Figure 8, for example, apassage 32 is created in the cylinder-block and one of the pipes of theSystem 81 is connected into t-he outer terminal of such passage, theopposite terminal ot the latter opening into the top ot the bore 5 sothat the oil may be delivered at the top of the rotating cylinder in arecess 32 created by beveling the top edge ot the cylinder at 322 fromwhich position the oil may work downwardly. There is a vertical bieederpassage 33 created in the cylinder, Figures 2 and 3, also, through whichthe oil may pass down into the spiral groove 15 to finally enter thecrank case. The direction ot rotation of the cylinder may be such thatthe tendency of the spirally arranged contacting faces 16 will be towork the oil upwardly. The cylinder bore is lubricated, of course,

in the usual manner, i. e., the splash system. The packing ring 7 in thecylinder-head-extension prevents oil entering t-he combustion chamberand aids, as well, in holding compression. l

The worms 19 overlie the iianges 17 of the cylinders in order that anytendency of the latter to unseat in the slightest degree will be met,the teeth 18 being ot such construction as will permit .tree action ofthe worms.

The construction provided ifn my improved engine is such that there canbe no attendantnoises during operation since the only reciprocatingparts are the pistons. The timing gearing is ot a wholly noiseless typeand the cylinder rotation, noiseless in itself, affects the registrationof the inlet and exhaust passages.

rl'he tapered iorm of cylinder freely admits ol' such expansion andcontraction as might naturally result, and reasonable wear is easi ytaken care ot since the cylinder can move further down into its seat.After long wear, however, said cylinder may be replaced by another.

l claim:

1. An internal combustion engine including in its construction an engineblock having a tapered bore constituting a scat 'for a cylinder,including ports leading into said bore, and a tapered cylinder adaptedto have a working tit upon the walls in said seat, said cylinderhaving acylindrical bore, the walls oit said cylinder having ports therein toregister with those of the block.

2. An internal combustion engine including in its construction an engineblock hav ing a tapered bore, a cylinder tapered throughout its lengthiitting said bore, the block and cylinder including' ports adapted toregister, said cylinder having a cylindrical bore into which the portsopen, and means to rotate the said cylinder.

3. An internal combustion engine includin its construction an engineblock having a tapered bore extending therethrough, that portion oi thebore having the smallest diameter terminating at and opening into lorthe crank case ot the engine, a cylinder head overlying and closing thelarge end of the bore, a cylinder tapered throughout its length adaptedto iit in said bore and having a part depending into the said crankcase, and means within the latter to engage and rotate the cylinder.V

4. An internal combustion engine block including a bore tapering fromthe upper side of the saine toward its lower side, said block havingports in its top portion coinmunicating with the said bore, and anexternally tapered, bored cylinder adapted to seat in the tapered boreoi the engine block and having ports in its walls communieatingl withits own bore adapted to register with the ports of said block.

5. An internal combustion engine including an engine block having atapered bore Whose greatest diameter is at the upper portion of saidblock, a tapered cylinder seated in the bore adapted to rotate thereinand having a bore, a cylinder-head closing the bore and adapted forholding the said cylinder in its seat, the block and said cylinderhaving ports adapted to register during the rotation ot the latter.

G. An internal combustion engine including in its construction an engineblock having a tapered bore extending therethrough, that portion of thebore having the smallest diameter terminating at and opening into thecrank case of the engine, a cylinder head overlying and closing thelarge end of the bore, a cylinder tapered throughout its length adaptedto fit in said bore throughout the same and having a part depending intothe said crank case, and means Within the latter to engage and rotatethe cylinder.

7. An internal combustion engine including in its construction an egineblock having a bore of tapered form extending through it, a cylinderhead, a cylinder' having a corresponding taper adapted to seat in saidbore and means adapted to rotate the cylinder and for assisting inholding it in its seat.

8. An internal combustion engine including in its construction an engineblock having a tapered bore Whose smallest diameter is at the crank caseside of said block, a cylinder of a corresponding taper seated thereinhaving a central bore, a cylinder head overlying the cylinder and havinga depending extension .fitting into the last named bore, a packing ringdisposed between the extension of the head and the cylinder, and meansto rotate the cylinder and for assisting in holding it in its seat insaid tapered bore.

9. An internal combustion engine including in its construction acylinder block having a bore decreasing in diameter from its top sidetoward its crank-case side, a cylinder of a corresponding taper seatedtherein having a central bore7 there being ports in the block openinginto its bore, there also being ports in the cylinder to register withthe irst named ports, a packing ring interposed betvveen the cylinderand said block at each side of the ports, there being a spirallyarranged groove in the surface of the cylin der facing the Wall of thetapered bore for containing a. lubricant.

l0. An internal combustion engine including in its construction anengine block having a tapered bore, a cone shaped cylinder adapted toseat therein, there being a spiral groove in the periphery of thecylinder for receiving a lubricant, there also being a passage in thecylinder leading from its top into said Oroove, and means for forcing alu bricant from the crank case of the engine into the top of the saidtapered bore of the block.

il. An internal combustion engine including in its construction anengine block having a tapered bore smallest at the crank case side ofsaid block, a tapered cylinder seated therein adapted to rotate andhaving a central bore for a piston, said cylinder having a peripheralgroove in its Wall adjacent the Wall of the bore of the block ofcontaining a lubricant, and means by which to supply the groove withsuch lubricant.

ln testimony Whereofl ahX my signature.

WALTER P. VIENS.

